| Year: 2019 I Volume: 7I Issue:4I Pages: 1246 –1291 |
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Akinsanya D. Olusegun-Joseph, FWACP1,2; Adedeji K. Adebayo, FWACP3,4; Pramod Jaiswal, DM5; Madhu Paulose, PhD4; Adeyinka Morgan, MBBS2; Kotturathu M Cherian, FRACS4,5
1College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
2Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
3Lagoon Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
4Saint Gregorious Hospital, Parumala, India
5Frontier lifeline Hospital, Chennai, India
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| Abstract |
| Background |
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) accounts for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is important to identify the localisation of coronary atherosclerotic lesions as well as the risk factors in patients with CAD. The present study aimed to identify the pattern of coronary artery lesions and the associated risk factors in patients with suspected or known CAD. Methodology Overall, 302 consecutive patients with suspected or known CAD who were referred for coronary angiography between March and May 2012 in two cardiac centers in India was studied. Coronary lesions with 50% stenosis in the coronary arteries were considered as significant lesion. Associated cardiovascular risk factors, namely, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history and male sex, were identified.
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| Methodology |
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Overall, 302 consecutive patients with suspected or known CAD who were referred for coronary angiography between March and May 2012 in two cardiac centers in India was studied. Coronary lesions with 50% stenosis in the coronary arteries were considered as significant lesion. Associated cardiovascular risk factors, namely, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history and male sex, were identified.
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| Result |
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Of the 302 patients, 235 (77.8%) had at least one coronary lesion, with 224 (95.3%) of them having at least one risk factor. The lesions were significantly more common in males than in females (p = 0.026). Middle-aged patients have higher number of risk factors for CAD as well as coronary lesions than patients belonging to other age groups. Multiple risk factors are significantly associated with multi-vessel lesions (p = 0.035). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking were significantly associated with left anterior descending artery lesion (p = 0.03, 0.004 and 0.01, respectively) and right coronary artery lesion (p = 0.04, 0.01 and 0.003, respectively).
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| Conclusion |
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Coronary lesions were significantly more common in males than in females. Multiple risk factors are significantly associated with multi-vessel lesions. Aggressive prevention/ control of such risk factors will therefore help to reduce the disease burden.
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| Keywords |
| Coronary angiography |
| Coronary lesions |
| Risk factors |
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